author: Valentyna Trunova
Urgency of the research. Modern reform of education has put forward one of the principles of updating the educational process - the practical communicative orientation of language teaching, both native and state. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to use speech situations in multilingualism.
Target setting. Practical mastery of the state Ukrainian language is a vital necessity for all peoples living in Ukraine. The use of speech situations improves their level of knowledge of the state language.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The theoretical basis of the problem of speech development in bilingualism was embedded in the writings of I. Gubzyk, S. Doroshenko, P. Zhedek, G. Koval, L. Kutenko, N. Mesiats, V. Onyshchuk, N. Pashkovska, V. Tru-nova, O. Khoroshkovska, N. Chornous.
The research objectives. The article considers the components of the speech situation, the conditions for mastering vocabulary for its skilful use in the process of individual and collective activity in the conditions of multilingualism.
The statement of basic materials. It was established that the level of minimum requirements for the speech training of elementary school students should be the same, regardless of the school in which the students study - with the Ukrainian language of instruction or another (in Russian, Bulgarian, Moldavian, etc.). The study of research on the problem revealed the place of speech situations in the language lessons, literary and extracurricular reading. By a speech situation, the author understands an artificially created situation where the student feels with the hero, or instead of the hero. Types of speech learning situations (real, imaginary, built on the basis of the read text, selected illustrations, drawings) are highlighted. The structural components of the speech situation (the description of the scene, participants in the conversation, the speaker’s life experience, speech patterns, speech task, stimulus, motive, speech reaction) are disclosed and a description of each structural component is given. It is determined that the condition for the effectiveness of the use of speech situations is the selection of speech material that meets certain criteria, principles and approaches, and the preparatory work of the teacher: clarifying the dictionary, working out the pronunciation of words, making phrases, etc.
Conclusions. It was generalized that the speech situation forms a structural whole, the core around which the use of vocabulary is organized, and training on models of situations improves communicative speech.
Keywords: normative pronunciation, bilingualism, speech situations, structure of the speech situation, types of speech situations, conditions for the effectiveness of the use of speech situations.
References:
- 1.Avrorin, VA., 1975. ‘Problemy izucheniya funkcional'noy storony yazyka (Problems of Learning the Functional Side of the Language)’, Leningrad : Nauka, 276 s.
- Zahorodnova, VF., 2018. ‘Formuvannia mizhkulturnoi kompetentnosti bilinhvalnoi osobystosti zasobamy ukrainskoi y ridnoi mov (Formation of Intercultural Competence of Bilingual Personality by Means of Ukrainian and Native Languages)’, Mova i sotsium: etnokulturnyi aspekt : Materialy VII Mizhnarodnoi naukovoi internet-konferentsii molodykh uchenykh, Berdiansk : BDPU, S. 41-44.
- 3.Korshun TB., 1999. ‘Tematyko-sytuatyvnyi pidkhid do orhanizatsii slovnykovoi roboty y rozvytku komunikatyvnoho movlennia (Thematic-Situational Approach to the Organization of Vocabulary and Development of Communicative Broadcasting)’, Ridni dzherela, № 1, S. 28-33.
- 4.Trunova, VA., 1995. ‘Linhvistychni osnovy formuvannia movlennievykh umin' (Linguistic Bases of Speech Skills Formation)’, Pochatkova shkola, № 2, S. 12-13.
- 5.Trunova, VA., 2001. ‘Rozvytok movlennia molodshykh shkoliariv v umovakh bilinhvizmu : monohrafiia (The Development of Younger Students' Speech in Bilingualism : A Monograph)’, Kyiv : Vyshcha shkola, 99 s.
- 6.Khoroshkovska, ON., 1998. ‘Osoblyvosti zasvoiennia ukrainskoi movy rosiiskomovnymy uchniamy (Features of Mastering the Ukrainian Language by Russian-Speaking Students)’, Ridni dzherela, № 1, S. 11-14.
- 7.Tsenzor.NET, 2018. ‘U shkolakh Ukrayiny navchannya ditey zdiysnyuyetʹsya 6 movamy (Children's Schools are Taught in 6 Languages in Ukrainian Schools)’, Informatsiyna ahentsiya Tsenzor.NET. Dostupno: <https://censor.net.ua/ua/n3046300> [Data zvernennia 22 lypnia 2019].