Select your language
Select your language
author: Ihor Lutsan
Urgency of the research. Since the first days of the bloody war characterized by cynical invasion, military crimes, and constant acts of Russia's aggression against Ukraine − thousands of lives have been lost, both faithful and unwavering defenders of their Homeland, as well as innocent civilians, including children. Hundreds of thousands of people have lost their homes, some villages and cities remain under occupation, and a large number of individuals have been forcibly displaced abroad. Consequently, providing assistan-ce to the military, organizing and delivering social services to individuals and groups in need to ensure their comprehen-sive development, and subsequently, facilitating spiritually-guided social and psychological rehabilitation for service-men, demobilized veterans, and their families, as well as those who have become victims of the war, are critically important and sought-after endeavors today.
Target setting. In such complex war realities, the religious aspect plays a significant role. Clearly, the Church and religious organizations are gaining more visibility, retaining their authoritative status in Ukrainian society. Their influence on human consciousness holds great theoretical and practical significance, expressing itself in society as a distinctive and effective marker of communicative capacities, and subsequently, fostering considerable interest in direct and active involvement in social life, the establishment of a law-governed Ukrainian state, and the development of civil society.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Nowadays, the exploration of topics pertaining to the patterns of social engagement within religious organizations is of considerable importance and in demand among researchers in history, theology, religious studies, political science, and other disciplines. Therefore, the research is built upon the works of distinguished Ukrainian and foreign experts, such as theologians, religious scholars, philosophers, historians, psychologists, as well as the observations of volunteers and journalists: S. Schie, S. Guentert, T. Wehner, J. Oostlander, M. Olchman, M. Olchman, P. Dzhordan, O. Brodetskyi, Ye. Buha, I. Horokholinska, V. Yelenskyi, O. Kolesnyk, A. Kolodnyi, V. Kuryliak, I. Lazarenko, V. Liubashchenko, O. Marchuk, H. Mierienkov, A. Olenchyk, O. Sahan, L. Fylypovych, V. Khromets, N. Tsymbaliuk, M. Cherenkov, S. Cholii, Yu. Chornomorets, A. Yurash, V. Shcherbakov, P. Yarotskyi, among others.
The research objective. The research aims to delineate the constructive manifestations of social activism by Protestant denominations in Ukraine amid the ongoing war.
The statement of basic materials. The socially meaningful (philanthropic) endeavors of Protestant churches amid the Russia's military aggression against Ukraine are being analyzed. These endeavors have adopted a multi-faceted approach, including charity (charitable actions), volunteering, and more. Significantly, are undoubtedly aimed at tackling complex social challenges, promoting social justice, which is exceptionally crucial today. In essence, the multi-vector social activities represent the core of church life and a pivotal form of functional activity for religious organizations.
Conclusions. Today, the active involvement of denominations in addressing complex social and moral issues of society during wartime, with a focus on social service, active civic engagement, Christianpatriotic, and socially responsible positions of the Church, represents powerful messages and main directions for the Church's socialization. This, in turn, fosters the expansion beyond the confines of narrow ecclesiastical and denominational ministries, enabling the believers' active involvement in civic life and instilling Christian values into various spheres of human existence for the sake of a just peace, wellbeing, freedom, and the victory of the long-suffering Ukrainian nation.
Keywords: war, philanthropy, volunteering, charity (humanitarian activities), Church's social activism, constructive manifestations.
References:
author: Andrii Shymanovych
Urgency of the research. In the first half of the 20th century the world-renowned specialist in Thomism Réginald GarrigouLagrange became the one who threw a public intellectual challenge to the most prominent bearers of the modernist philosophical mentality, namely, Henri Bergson (the doctrine of fluid metaphysics) and Maurice Blondel (the dynamic philosophy of action). Today, when we hear more and more often about the final and irreversible onset of the post-metaphysical age, it seems appropriate to recall how convincingly less than a hundred years ago classical Thomistic metaphysics refuted the most powerful and influential philosophical trends which today had totally lost their previous relevance and can be regarded as merely an object of study for historians of philosophy.
Target setting. The analysis of modern Ukrainian studies in the field of scholasticism, neo-scholasticism, and, in particular, the Thomist tradition, has illustrated a difficult-to-explain problem regarding the fact that an interested Ukrainian researcher nowadays is barely able to find at least some information about the history of polemics, metaphysics, and epistemology of R. Garrigou-Lagrange, one of the most significant thinkers in the realm of the neo-scholastic tradition of the previous century. Therefore, filling this lacuna seems to be an urgent and necessary issue.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The research is based on the analysis of some works by GarrigouLagrange himself and treatises by the philosophical opponents of the prominent Dominican priest, as well as on the in-depth study of the researches made by following thinkers and scholars: É. Gilson, G. McCool, F. Kerr, R. Peddicord, J. Kirwan, and M. Minerd.
The research objective. The main goal of the article is to highlight the polemical philosophical moves of GarrigouLagrange, as well as to emphasize the role of Aquinas’s synthesis as a highly effective and irremovable theoretical framework for dismantling metaphysically weak philosophical programs.
The statement of basic materials. H. Bergson did not associate himself with the Church at all, and M. Blondel was a sincere and devout Catholic, but both of them barely knew enough about the basic essentials of the Thomist tradition. For Bergson the concepts of discursive intelligence were not related to being; their function was merely practical. Instead, Blondel’s philosophy was formed in a pushback from (1) post-Kantian idealism with its highly radical anti-metaphysicalism and skepticism concerning the human possibility of knowing external, extramental entities (“things in themselves”), as well as (2) from Friedrich Schleiermacher’s pessimism about the capacity of the speculative mind to know God and his emphasis on the fundamental importance of subjective religious sensibility.
Conclusions. It has been established that Garrigou-Lagrange’s sincere devotion to Thomistic canons of thought did not prevent the theologian from indirectly, episodically, and implicitly relying on sources that are not characteristic of the Thomist tradition. Now it is difficult to deny that Garrigou-Lagrange’s philosophical and theological concept is brilliantly thought out, strictly logical, internally consistent, and precisely in view of all the mentioned factors, his concept is rationally more acceptable than any form of intuitionism, phenomenological reduction, and philosophy of life with a revision of the traditional understanding of truth.
Keywords. Scholasticism, neoscholasticism, neo-Thomism, Catholicism, modernism, metaphysics, truth.
References:
authors: Svitlana Kushniruk, Olena Matviienko, Taras Olefirenko
Urgency of the research. Changes in the economic, socio-cultural and spiritual spheres of Ukrainian society's vital activities cause an increase in the requirements for training students, the formation of professional knowledge and skills, qualities and competencies necessary for social interaction in professional and public activities. Students of higher educational institutions must be competent specialists who know how to adapt in life, be ready to make a responsible decision, ready for implementation, for productive interaction with the public environment and constantly improve personally and professionally.
Target setting. Increasing the requirements for the training of students requires the search for new approaches and methodical ways of forming a scientific outlook. Social projection becomes important as a prerequisite for achieving civic and professional maturity, selfrealization in society. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis such figures as: N. Selivanova, M. Borytko, Yu. Manuylov, A. Mudryk, V. Petrishchev, L. Novikova, V. Yasvin, etc. studied the role of the social environment in personality development; investigated psychological and pedagogical problems of management and communication in the field of professional education: H. Shpak, I. Biochinskyi, O. Berkovich, A. Ivanytskyi, V. Loskot, S. Kuzmenko, P. Reshetnikov, A. Shestakov, and others.
The research objective. To create and implement in the educational process the methods of implementing the conditions for the formation of the scientific worldview of students under the correct influence of the social projection of students.
The statement of basic materials. At the current stage of the development of our society, the formation of the scientific outlook of students is an extremely important topic. Its importance lies in the fact that the higher education system should provide future specialists with knowledge, correct orientations, and stable views. An important and effective tool is social projection, which provides the development of personal qualities and communication skills necessary for productive social interaction and self-realization. In its structure, we distinguish four interrelated components: motivational and valuable (participation in social relations, interactions); cognitive and informational (knowledge of social reality, norms and values of modern society); personalreflexive (necessary for constructive interaction and self-realization in modern society); communicative and active (to develop the ability of constructive social interaction).
Conclusions. Considering social consciousness as a side of social life, one can draw conclusions. Scientific understanding of the essence of public consciousness is a prerequisite for the formation of a scientific outlook. The main direction in the work to strengthen the modern scientific worldview is the popularization of scientific knowledge, as well as the influence of social projection on the professional side of the student.
Key words: social projection, student's scientific outlook, components of social projection, pedagogical conditions for the formation of social projection.
References:
authors: Svitlana Lytvynova, Liliia Luparenko, Maiia Marienko, Mariya Shyshkina
Urgency of the research. Modern approaches to the development of the educational and scientific learning environment and the professional development of teachers involve the formation of fundamentally new forms of its organization, which requires changes in its composition and structure, the functions of pedagogical systems aimed at organizing and activating the educational and cognitive activities of those who study.
Target setting. Open science provides an opportunity for teachers to access the latest scientific research, the latest teaching methods and resources, which ensures their professional development in the conditions of informal education.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The results of the study by E. Yenen and M. Yöntem indicate that the most necessary areas of professional development of teachers are special education, methods of scientific research, participation in projects and relevant professional activities. 14 Dutch institutions of general secondary education have developed and implemented a number of measures related to the concept “School as a professional learning community”. The research of J. Imants and M. M. Van der Wal was to create a model with the potential of professional development and school reform from the position of the teacher at many levels.
The research objective. To design a methodical system of using cloud-oriented systems of open science in the process of teaching and professional development of teachers.
The statement of basic materials. The creation of a methodical system of training and professional development of teachers involves a number of separate methods of using cloud-oriented components of educational purposes for the formation of teachers' skills in the formation of cloud-oriented systems of open science in the process of their further professional activities. Special attention should be paid to the means of forming and developing a cloud-oriented environment for improving the qualifications of teachers, which may include various services of open science and their combination, separated into appropriate groups.
Conclusions. The methodical system of using cloud-oriented systems of open science in the process of training and professional development of teachers consists of: the method of using the European Open Science Cloud in the process of training and professional development of teachers, the method of using open science by teachers, the method of using educational components based on the hybrid cloud, and the method of using electronic systems of open access in the process of training and professional development of teachers. These methods are aimed at increasing the level of the teacher's competence in open science, ICT competence, and improving the learning outcomes of students.
Keywords: methodological system, cloud-oriented systems, open science, cloudoriented systems of open science, professional development of teachers, teacher training.
References:
authors: Mykola Chumak, Vasyl` Yefymenko
Urgency of the research. The main task of both the foundations and the philosophy of physics is the analysis and restructuring of physical theories that should begin with the characterization of physical theory in the most general terms. At first glance, this task is not particularly difficult. First, there is nothing in physical theory but mathematical formalism, provided by physical interpretation and capable of coexistence with other theories and which can be verified by experiment. It looks beautiful and sounds simple, but it's actually a tricky thing to do.
Target setting. What are the assumptions and theorems of this physical theory, if it is taken for granted, are they just mathematical theorems or something else? - Do the key formulas that we want to systematize determine the formalism of physical theory in a single way, or are there alternatives, and if so, are they equivalent in all respects? These are just a few of the many questions posed by the very notion of physical theory. The depth and acuteness of each of them are such that many of them can not be answered otherwise than as a fundamental article or even a whole book. All this confirms the general rule: what is obvious to the practice of science can be problematic for its philosopher. Since we cannot deal with every possible problem of the fundamentals of physics and every philosophical problem connected with physical theories in general, we shall choose to consider only a few of them.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The movement from classical physics to modern physics occurred as a result of the emergence of a number of paradoxes in classical theory. This feature is characteristic to some extent of the electromagnetic theory of Maxwell, Einstein's theory of relativity, etc.
The research objective. We will try to consider the key terms of physical theory and show the role of the mathematical component in its creation.
The statement of basic materials. The article deals with some modern problems of the methodology and foundations of physics, in particular: whether mathematical formalisms contain interpretations of themselves or whether they need to be supplemented by interpretive predictions, and if so, how these predictions are formulated; what physical theories describe: physical systems or laboratory operations, either one or another, or neither of them; how the basic concepts of theory should be introduced, by reference to measuring operations, or by means of clear definitions, or axiomatically; how physical theories relate to each other; how theory relates to experiment: directly or with the help of additional theories.
Conclusions. In modern philosophical, mathematical and natural-scientific languages, theory is understood not just as a random thought, but as a hypotheticaldeductive system, that is, a set of formulas generated by logic and mathematics by a group of initial assumptions. Because of the commonality of some of these initial assumptions, as well as the possibilities for transformation provided by logic and mathematics, each theory is some infinite set of formulas. The role of mathematics in modern science is twofold: the formation of concepts and computation. There is no instantaneous velocity without derivative, no law of motion without differential or operator equations. Mathematical concepts are not only convenient aids, but they are also the very essence of physical ideas. And a simple prophecy of the future state of the system or the probability of this or that event would be impossible without the deductive power of the internally present formalism of the theory. This deductive force is so striking that we often tend to equate theoretical physics with computation, forgetting the role of mathematicians in the very formation of physical concepts, formulas, and theories.
Keywords: physical theory, basic terms of physical theory, mathematical component of the theory.
Referances: