author: Mariіa Luhova
Urgency of the research. In Ukrainian society, a separate cultural element is the child and the period of childhood, as a social phenomenon. Folk pedagogy, family upbringing, educational customs and traditions with the use of folklore, which were the basis of education, again come to the fore, reflecting the identity of the Ukrainian family, which is a mirror of the nation as a whole.
Target setting. Geopolitical changes, finding the territories of Ukraine as part of other territories, globalization - created negative conditions for the existence of Ukrainian culture and traditions, but the war situation in Ukraine actualized the need not only to respect the cultural heritage, but also to study, use, popularize it in the territories of Ukraine.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The study of the child in the context of the traditional family took place on the basis of a Ukrainian village in the 20th century. This area was of particular interest to O. O. Yaroshynska, O. V. Kvas, N. V. Zhmud, Z. P. Bakum, A. Yemelovu, Z. P. Bohdan, S. M. Tkachuk.
The research objective. Based on the analysis of the latest research and publications, taking into account the problematic and topicality of the issue, the task of the research is a socio-philosophical analysis of "child", "childhood" in a traditional Ukrainian family, exploring the peculiarities of Ukrainian culture.
The statement of basic materials. Children are an essential element in a traditional Ukrainian family. Marriage itself was the realization of the need for procreation, and families were mostly large, abortion was socially condemned. The process of education was implemented by means of folk pedagogy, which was considered the greatest source of wisdom. Each child had his own responsibilities in the household, according to age and physical capabilities. That is, a child in a Ukrainian family was a full-fledged member of a social group that was perceived as an equal. Global dynamic processes have brought new, non-traditional aspects to the Ukrainian family, which undoubtedly have an impact on the child: same-sex relationships, child-free, guest marriages, polygamous relationships, etc. Such tendencies are becoming more and more widespread among the countries of Europe and the USA, taking into account the dominance of tolerance, pluralism, and secularization of society. However, they have a great influence on the phenomenology of childhood, because they reduce the birth rate due to refusal or inability to have a child. Such conditions make the family unsustainable, and therefore lead to negative dynamics of self-reproduction and procreation. It is important today to teach the young generation the basics of national culture and its features, which are symbols of nationhood, unity and patriotism in the Ukrainian consciousness. Unique archetypes from Ukrainian folklore (from legends, fairy tales) combine with children's lullabies much more natively and organically and leave a positive impression on the formation of the child's personality. They have an impact not only on the patriotic attitude to the homeland, but also bring up the characteristics characteristic of the Ukrainian people: hard work, respect for parents and the elderly, humane attitude to the environment, high moral qualities, strength of spirit and willpower, dignity, honor and courage .
Conclusions. The philosophical meaning of the family lies in the preservation and revival of the nation, and a viable nation preserves itself in the family, the forces of which are aimed at supporting the vitality of the entire social environment, through work, interaction with the natural environment, creative activity and respect for its own history, language, culture and traditions. The idea of spirituality, hard work, creative activity, love of life in harmony with nature - a red thread can be traced through the works of Ukrainian classics of literature and art. It is these virtues that are relevant today for the entire Ukrainian people, and their formation takes place through the education of young people who, after a short period of time, will become parents and use these values during family upbringing.
Keywords: childhood, parenthood, motherhood, Ukraine, cultural heritage, Ukrainian family
References:
- Bakum, ZP & Yemelova, A 2011, ‘Etnopedahohika yak dzherelo trudovoho vykhovannia osobystosti (Ethnopedagogy as a source of labor education of the personality)’, Pedahohichni nauky: zb. nauk. prats Berdianskoho peduniversytetu, Berdiansk : BDPU, № 3, s. 21-27.
- Bohdan, ZP & Tkachuk, SM 2018, ‘Pedahohichne znachennia ukrainskoho dytiachoho folkloru (Pedagogical significance of Ukrainian children's folklore)’, Innovatsiina pedahohika, № 3, s. 245-248.
- Zhmud, NV 2008, ‘Dytyna yak arkhetyp etnichnoi kultury ukraintsiv (The child as an archetype of ethnic culture of Ukrainians)’, Naukovi zapysky Vinnytskoho derzhavnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni Mykhaila Kotsiubynskoho. Seriia : Istoriia, № 13, s. 297-302.
- Kvas, OV 2011, ‘Dytyna i dytynstvo v ukrainskii vykhovnii tradytsii (Child and childhood in the Ukrainian educational tradition)’, Aktualni problemy sotsiolohii, psykholohii, pedahohiky, № 12, s. 182-186.
- Iaroshynska, OO 2005, Rozvytok pohliadiv na instytut batkivstva v istorii ukrainskoi etnopedahohiky (Development of views on the institution of parenthood in the history of Ukrainian ethnopedagogy). Avtoreferat dysertatsii kandydata nauk, Kyiv, Natsionalnyi pedahohichnyi universytet im. M. P. Drahomanova, 18 s.
- Iaroshynska, OO 2006, ‘Suchasni tendentsii rozvytku instytutu batkivstva na Ukraini (Modern trends in the development of the institution of parenthood in Ukraine)’, Psykholoho-pedahohichni problemy silskoi shkoly, Kyiv: Milenium, №15, s. 120-128.