author: Oleksandr Bakumenko
Urgency of the research. The contradiction between technological and biological as a marker of scientific and technological shifts of modern civilization is a modification of the conflict / contradiction of two cultures – technical and spiritual culture. If the first is undergoing an unprecedented development, then it is the spiritual culture that needs special attention, which is connected with the rethinking of the existing system of values, namely humanistic guidelines as a matrix responsible for the idea of preserving humanity. Such humanistic constants as responsibility, openness, freedom, tolerance, compassion, the ability to compromise, moderation are primarily those components without which science, scientific activity remains the embodiment of the instrumental mind, turning into self-worth.
Target setting. Science as a socio-cultural phenomenon is one of the main factors of modern transformation. Understanding the meaning of the latter unfolds in the coordinates “efficiency – success – productivity”, which correlates with the problem of truth / falsity of scientific knowledge, which can be understood as a problem of scientificity and non-scientific nature. If classical science was defined in the system of cause-and-effect relationships / linearity, non-classical science became possible in a dialectical dimension, then post-non-classical science unfolds in the coordinates of multiplicity / plurality / variability, which makes it impossible to have a single paradigm. The specified polyparadigmality articulates the problem of non-scientific knowledge and its importance in overcoming the absolutization of scientific centrism, which acquires special importance in the situation of technological modernity.
Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The works of T. Kuhn, I. Lakatos, K. Popper, B. Russell, P. Feyerabend, and others are devoted to the study of modes of scientific and non-scientific knowledge. Among Ukrainian researchers, it is worth mentioning I. Zagriichuk, S. Krymsky, M. Popovych, L. Drotyanko, I. Chornomordenko.
The research objective. Turning to non-scientific knowledge in the challenges of technological modernity presupposes the following tasks: to investigate non-scientific knowledge in the context of the opposition “Science-Humanity’s”; to reveal the meaning of non-scientific knowledge as a condition for preventing the monologism of science; determine the relationship between scientific and non-scientific knowledge as an opportunity to create a single integrated platform that overcomes the discontinuity / dualism of two cultures, thereby actualizing the internal potential for the development of humanity as a world community
The statement of basic materials. The article is devoted to the study of the problem of scientific and non-scientific knowledge, which is fundamentally related to the understanding of the possible horizons of human activity, which appears as a result of the latter’s self-development. Modern civilization, as a technological one, has not resolved the conflict between scientific and technical development and the value system, which gives rise to a multitude of contradictions, one of which is the “lagging behind” of the humanitarian component from the intensive development of the technological component.
Conclusions. The question of the relationship between scientific and non-scientific knowledge, about the possible prospects for the further development of humanity, about the possibility of a single integral platform that overcomes the discontinuity / dualism of two cultures at the beginning of the 21st century, is taking on a new configuration. It is about the existing potential of non-scientific knowledge in the current situation, primarily the strengthening of interaction between the elements of the “philosophy-science-education” system, because the lack of internal coordination can lead to the formation of a technocratic culture. The connection of humanities and natural sciences is a project of realizing the sustainable development of humanity and is a condition for the preservation of the essence of man.
Key words: non-scientific knowledge, scientific knowledge, science, post-non-classical science, manufacturability, scientific and technical revolution, scientific paradigm
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